Requirements to Apply for F1 OPT

The Optional Practical Training (OPT) program allows F-1 international students in the U.S. to gain hands-on work experience in their field of study. Whether you’re nearing graduation or just planning ahead, it’s essential to understand the requirements and process for applying. This post will help you navigate the basics and ensure you’re prepared for your OPT application.

What is F1 OPT?

OPT is a benefit for F-1 visa holders that allows students to work in the U.S. for up to 12 months in a job directly related to their major field of study. STEM(Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) students may qualify for a 24-month extension, making it a total of 36 months. OPT can be used either during (pre-completion OPT) or after (post-completion OPT) the completion of your academic program, with most students opting for post-completion OPT.

Key Requirements to Apply for F1 OPT

• Maintain F-1 Status: TO be eligible for OPT, you must maintain F-1 student status at the time of application and throughout the duration of your OPT.
• Completion of One Academic Year: You must complete at least one full academic year (two consecutive semesters) in F-1 status before applying for OPT. If you’re transferring schools, your time in F-1 status from your previous institution counts towards this requirements.
• Eligible Program of Study: OPT must directly related to your major. Your degree program should provide the foundation for the work you will perform under OPT. For instance, a Computer Science major can work as a software developer, but unrelated roles may not qualify.
• Timing of the Application:
• Pre-Completion OPT: Can be applied for up to 90 days before completing one academic year.
• Post-Completion OPT: Can be applied for up to 90 days before your program end date and no later than 60 days after your program end date.
• USCIS must receive your application within this window, or you risk losing eligibility.
• I-20 Endorsement by DSO: Before you submit your application, you’ll need your Designated School Official (DSO) to endorse your I-20. This endorsement confirms that your OPT request aligns with your academic program and visa status.
• Filing Form I-765: You must submit Form I-765, Application for Employment Authorization, to USCIS. This form is the official request for work authorization under OPT. Ensure all details are accurate, as errors can delay or jeopardize your approval.
• Pay the OPT Fee: The filing fee for Form I-765 is $470 as of 2024. Additionally, if you want faster processing, premium processing is available for a higher fee of $1,685.
• Avoid Prior OPT Usage Conflicts: If you’ve previously used OPT at the same degree level (e.g., bachelor’s or master’s), you cannot apply again. Each level of education (bachelor’s, master’s, doctorate) qualifies you for a new period of OPT.
• Maintain Job Relevance and Reporting: After approval, you must work in a position directly related to your major and report the job details to your school. You cannot exceed 90 days of unemployment during your OPT period.

Steps to Apply for F1 OPT

Your OPT approval may take more than three months to be processed by USCIS, so you need to plan and prepare all your documents. The earliest you can submit your application to the USCIS for your OPT is 90 days before your program end date.

Gather the following information documents for your application:

• Form I-765
• Copies of all previous I-20s
• Copy of your passport (valid for at least six months)
• F-1 visa copy
• Most recent I-94 record
• Two U.S. – style passport photos (taken within 30 days)
• Filing fee (check, money order, or credit card form for online applications)

You can apply online through the USCIS portal or by mailing a paper application to the designated USCIS lockbox. Ensure your application is complete and submitted before your deadline.

After submission, USCIS will issue a receipt notice with your case number. You can use this number to track your application status. If your application is approved, USCIS will send you an Employment Authorization Document (EAD). This card serves as proof of your OPT approval and allows you to start working.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Please be aware of common mistakes that international students often make to avoid any delays or cancellation of your request:

• Missing the Application Window: Submit your application within the allowed timeframe to avoid disqualification.
• Inaccurate Documents: Double-check all forms and documents for accuracy. Errors can delay your application or result in rejection.
• Not updating Employment Information: Failure to report employment details to your DSO can lead to termination of your F-1 status.

Tips for a Smooth OPT Application

Start Early:Begin the process at least 3-4 months before your desired start date to account for processing times.

Use Reliable Resources: Refer to official USCIS and school resources to ensure you have the most up-to-date information.

Seek Help if Needed: Don’t hesitate to ask your DSO or an immigration attorney for help with your application.

Applying for F1 OPT can be a complex but rewarding process, offering you the chance to gain practical experience in your field of study. By understanding the requirements and taking a proactive approach, you can maximize your chances of success.

For additional resources or to explore health insurance options during your OPT period, check out our blog for more helpful tips and guides! We also provide affordable and comprehensive insurance plans for OPT and STEM OPT students, please visit our dedicated page for more information.